udemy.angular/docs/http.md

# Http & Backend interaction

## Structure
| Element   | Description                                   |
| --------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| http Verb | GET, PUT, DELETE, POST, ...                   |
| ULR       | API Endpoint, domain.tld/user/1               |
| Headers   | Metadata {"Content-Type": "application/json"} |
| Body      | Payload                                       |

## Setup

Add dependencies in `app.module.ts`
```ts
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';

@ngModule({
    imports: [ HttpClientModule ]
})
```

## POST

POST-Request
```ts
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {
  loadedPosts = [];
  
  // inject the service
  constructor(private http: HttpClient) {}

  ngOnInit() {}

  onCreatePost(postData: { title: string; content: string }) {
    // Send Http request
    this.http
      .post(
        'https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json',
        postData
      )
      .subscribe(responseData => {
        console.log(responseData);
      });
  }
}
```

POST returns an observable which the function has to be subscribed to. If no one is interested in the result, the POST-request will not be sent.

## GET

GET-Request
```ts
private fetchPost() {
  // Send Http request
  this.http
    .get(
      'https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json'
    )
    .subscribe(posts => {
      console.log(posts);
    });
}
```

## DELETE

DELETE-Request
```ts
private fetchPost() {
  // Send Http request
  this.http.delte('https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json')
    .subscribe(doSomething);
}
```

## Errorhandling

Errorhandling on a GET-Request
```ts
private fetchPost() {
  // Send Http request
  this.http
    .get(
      'https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json'
    )
    .subscribe(posts => {
      console.log(posts);
    }, error => {
      this.error = error.message;
      console.log(error);
    });
}
```

catchError / throwError

```ts
.subscribe(posts => {
    console.log(posts);
  }, error => {
    catchError(errorRes => {
      return throwError(errorRes);
    })
  });
```

## Headers

Cofigurate the request with headers
```ts
this.http
    .get(
      'https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json', 
      {
        headers: new HttpHeaders( {
          'key': 'value' 
        })
      }
    )
```

## Query Params

Adding query Params
```ts
this.http
    .get(
      'https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json', 
      {
        headers: new HttpHeaders( {
          'key': 'value' 
        }),
        params: new HttpParams().set('customerId', '69')
      }
    )
```

Will result to the URL like: `https://ng-complete-guide-c56d3.firebaseio.com/posts.json?customerId=69`